منابع مشابه
A single protein redox ruler.
Redox reactions are the heart of function in biological systems. Using a deceptively simple toolbox, consisting largely of first row transition metals and the 20 canonical amino acids, nature has evolved proteins that contain cofactors with reduction potentials (E°′) between +1 V and −1 V. Chemists have long known that ligands to transition metals markedly alter E°′ of the metal, often in a sys...
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To determine whether Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements can provide quantitative distance information in single-molecule fluorescence experiments on polypeptides, we measured FRET efficiency distributions for donor and acceptor dyes attached to the ends of freely diffusing polyproline molecules of various lengths. The observed mean FRET efficiencies agree with those determine...
متن کاملFast electron transfer through a single molecule natively structured redox protein.
The electron transfer properties of proteins are normally measured as molecularly averaged ensembles. Through these and related measurements, proteins are widely regarded as macroscopically insulating materials. Using scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM), we present new measurements of the conductance through single-molecules of the electron transfer protein cytochrome b(562) in its native conf...
متن کاملDesign of a single protein that spans the entire 2-V range of physiological redox potentials.
The reduction potential (E°') is a critical parameter in determining the efficiency of most biological and chemical reactions. Biology employs three classes of metalloproteins to cover the majority of the 2-V range of physiological E°'s. An ultimate test of our understanding of E°' is to find out the minimal number of proteins and their variants that can cover this entire range and the structur...
متن کاملModelling the Golomb Ruler
The Golomb ruler problem has been proposed as a challenging constraint satisfaction problem. We consider a large number of di erent models of this problem, both binary and non-binary. The problem can be modelled using quaternary constraints, but in practice using a set of auxiliary variables and ternary constraints gives better results. A binary encoding of the problem gives a smaller search tr...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
سال: 2015
ISSN: 0027-8424,1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1522425112